The Difference Between Ferrous vs Non-Ferrous Metals

There are dozens of different types of metal, which can make it difficult to distinguish one from another. While there are many ways to analyze a metal’s characteristics, it is easiest to start by dividing them into broad categories. After that is complete, you can begin to hone in on specific characteristics and capabilities.

Perhaps the simplest method is to sort metals into ferrous and non-ferrous categories. Below, we will discuss the difference between these two metal types and why it is important to categorize them in this manner.

What Is Ferrous Metal?

If metal is categorized as being “ferrous,” it simply means that it contains iron. Some common examples of ferrous metals include:

• Cast iron
• Wrought iron
• Alloy steel
• Carbon steel

Ferrous metals are generally used for industrial applications. Shipping containers, railroad tracks, commercial tools, and even industrial pipes typically use ferrous metals. The presence of iron in these metals makes them more durable than their non-ferrous counterparts.

What Is a Non-Ferrous Metal?

As you might have guessed, non-ferrous metals do not contain iron. They have actually been used for a much longer period of time than ferrous metals. Some commonly known non-ferrous metals include:

• Bronze
• Tin
• Copper
• Lead
• Zinc
• Aluminum
• Gold
• Silver

If ferrous metals are more durable, you may be wondering why non-ferrous materials have been used for so much longer. The primary reason is due to their malleability. The crude forging methods used in centuries past made it difficult to work with ferrous metals. The softer and more malleable non-ferrous metals were much easier to shape into various goods.

Why Does It Matter?

When designing a metal-based product, it is important to understand the benefits of each metal type. For example, if you need your product to be non-magnetic, then you will need a non-ferrous metal. On the other hand, if your goal is maximum durability and strength, then you will want to use a ferrous metal.

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